Topsoil Calculator

Calculate cubic yards and tons of topsoil needed for gardens, lawns, raised beds, and landscaping projects.

Topsoil Calculator

Enter your project area and desired depth to calculate topsoil requirements in cubic yards and tons.

Project Area

Topsoil Depth

Recommended depths: Lawns 4-6 inches, Gardens 6-12 inches, Raised beds 12+ inches.

Topsoil Type

Extra topsoil to account for settling and compaction over time (15-25% typical)
If adding topsoil over existing soil, enter current depth to adjust calculations.

Output Units

How to Use the Topsoil Calculator

  1. Measure Your Project Area

    Measure the length and width of the area to be covered with topsoil. For circular areas (like around trees), measure the diameter.

  2. Determine Topsoil Depth

    Decide how deep you want the topsoil layer. Recommended depths:

    • Lawn establishment: 4-6 inches
    • Garden beds: 6-12 inches
    • Raised beds: 12+ inches
    • Top-dressing existing lawn: 0.25-0.5 inches
    • Leveling low spots: Depth of depression

  3. Select Topsoil Type

    Choose the type of topsoil you plan to use. Different types have different weights per cubic yard, affecting tonnage calculations.

  4. Account for Existing Soil

    If adding topsoil over existing soil, include the current depth to avoid over-purchasing.

  5. Add Compaction Factor

    Include 15-25% for compaction (soil settles significantly over time, especially when watered).

  6. Calculate

    Click "Calculate Topsoil Needs" to get results in cubic yards and/or tons.

Practical Example: Calculating Topsoil for a Garden

Let's calculate the topsoil needed for a 30×20 foot garden with 8 inches of premium garden blend topsoil:

Inputs:

  • Length: 30 feet
  • Width: 20 feet
  • Depth: 8 inches
  • Topsoil Type: Premium Garden Blend (2,200 lb/cu yd)
  • Compaction Factor: 20%
  • Existing Soil: 2 inches
  • Output Units: Both tons and cubic yards

Calculations:

  1. Calculate area: 30 × 20 = 600 square feet
  2. Net depth needed: 8 inches - 2 inches = 6 inches
  3. Convert depth to feet: 6 inches ÷ 12 = 0.5 feet
  4. Calculate volume: 600 × 0.5 = 300 cubic feet
  5. Convert to cubic yards: 300 ÷ 27 = 11.11 cubic yards
  6. Add compaction: 11.11 × 1.20 = 13.33 cubic yards
  7. Calculate tons: 13.33 × (2200 ÷ 2000) = 14.66 tons

Result:

You would need approximately 13.33 cubic yards or about 14.66 tons of premium garden blend topsoil for a 30×20 garden with 8-inch total depth (6 inches new over 2 inches existing).

Pro Tip: Topsoil is typically sold by the cubic yard for bulk delivery. One cubic yard covers approximately:

Topsoil Calculator FAQ

How many tons are in a cubic yard of topsoil? +

It depends on moisture content and composition:

  • Dry, loose topsoil: 1.0 - 1.2 tons per cubic yard
  • Moist topsoil: 1.2 - 1.4 tons per cubic yard
  • Wet topsoil: 1.4 - 1.6 tons per cubic yard
  • Clay-heavy soil: 1.3 - 1.5 tons per cubic yard
  • Sandy soil: 0.9 - 1.1 tons per cubic yard
Average is about 1.1-1.3 tons per cubic yard.

How deep should topsoil be for a lawn? +

For new lawns:

  • Minimum: 4 inches of good quality topsoil
  • Recommended: 6 inches for better root development
  • Ideal: 6-8 inches for optimal growth
  • For top-dressing existing lawns: 0.25-0.5 inches annually
Deeper soil means healthier grass with better drought resistance.

What's the difference between topsoil and garden soil? +

Topsoil: The upper layer of natural soil, may contain weeds, rocks, and variable composition. Usually screened to remove debris.
Garden soil: A manufactured blend containing topsoil plus compost, peat moss, and other amendments for optimal plant growth.
Use: Topsoil for filling/leveling; garden soil for planting beds where plants will grow.

Should I till existing soil before adding topsoil? +

It depends:

  • Yes, till if: Soil is compacted, creating new beds, or incorporating amendments
  • No, don't till if: Adding thin layer for top-dressing, soil has good structure, or you want to preserve soil layers
  • Alternative: Use a broadfork to aerate without destroying soil structure
Tilling can help with initial incorporation but may damage soil biology over time.

How much does topsoil settle over time? +

Topsoil settles significantly, especially when watered:

  • Initial settling: 10-15% immediately after watering/rain
  • First season: 15-25% total settlement
  • Over 1-2 years: Up to 30-40% in some cases
  • Factors: Soil type, compaction, moisture, organic content
That's why we recommend a 15-25% compaction factor in calculations.

Related Calculators

Mulch Calculator

Calculate mulch for landscaping

Gravel Calculator

Calculate gravel for base materials

Paver Calculator

Calculate pavers and base materials